Practice question
A later buyer knows of an earlier valid sale from the same seller but registers first and obtains a certificate. The buyer claims the certificate alone guarantees the protection of a good-faith registrant. On facts like Cesa, which is correct?
- Actual knowledge of the competing earlier right defeats the claimed good-faith protection; first registration is not a cure for bad faith
- A title automatically converts knowledge into innocence
- Every first registrant wins despite bad faith
- The earlier sale becomes nonexistent by printing a title
- The registry may declare all evidence irrelevant
Legal references
- Spouses Cesa v. Spouses Del Rosario, G.R. No.255564, March 5, 2025, MAIN decision, good faith and title reliance: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/mar2025/gr_255564_2025.html
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