Practice question
Officials circulate only the number, title and supposed effectivity date of a statute, while withholding its operative text. They claim that this is full publication because citizens can request a copy at an office. Apply the publication principle reaffirmed in DPWH.
- The claim fails; identifying references and access to an office copy do not replace full publication.
- The claim succeeds because a title always reveals every legal obligation.
- The claim succeeds because a request system automatically publishes the text.
- The claim succeeds whenever the law is lengthy.
- The claim fails only if the statute concerns criminal penalties.
Legal references
- Civil Code Article2, as amended by EO200 Section1; https://lawphil.net/executive/execord/eo1987/eo_200_1987.html
- DPWH v. Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers, Inc., G.R.200015 and205846, March15 2023, main decision, publication discussion; https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/69085
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