Retroactivity of Laws

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1. What is the Civil Code Article 4 rule?
2. What kind of enactment is ordinarily applied to pending proceedings, subject to governing exceptions and transition pro…
3. Does an express retroactivity clause automatically override every constitutional limit?
4. A new substantive statute imposes a liability on future transactions. It contains no contrary retroactive intent, and n…
5. A new procedural rule expressly applies to pending cases. It changes filing mechanics without impairing vested substant…
6. A case is pending when an effective procedural amendment changes the evidentiary treatment of duplicates. The amendment…
7. A legislature expressly states that a new civil liability applies to completed past transactions. A litigant says that …
8. Explain Article 4's default rule and the proper analysis when a statute appears to apply to past events.
9. Why may a procedural rule apply to pending cases, and what qualifications should accompany that proposition?
10. Distinguish a law's effectivity date from its retroactive reach.
11. Article2254 denies vested or acquired rights arising from what?
12. Article2253’s rule for a right first declared in the Civil Code is subject to what protection?